Nthawi ya 3 koloko m'tauniyo ukugonabe, malo ochitira zinthu mwanzeru pafakitale yayikulu yopangira mipando amakhalabe akuyaka. Pamizere yolondola yotambasulira mita, mapanelo olemera amangoperekedwa kumalo ogwirira ntchito. Makina akuluakulu angapo amagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono: mitu yodula bwino kwambiri ya laser mwachangu komanso molondola amatsata mapangidwe pamapanelo, nthawi yomweyo kuwapanga kukhala mawonekedwe ovuta. Pafupifupi nthawi imodzi, mikono yosinthika ya robotiki imagwira zida zomwe zangodulidwa kumene, ndikuzisamutsa mosadukiza kudzera pa malamba otumizira kupita ku gawo lotsatira—kumanga m'mphepete kapena kubowola. Njira yonse imayenda bwino popanda kulowererapo kwa anthu. Kuseri kwa chochitika chodabwitsa ichi cha makina opangira makina pali "makina ophatikizika anzeru odulira ndi kudyetsa," luso laposachedwa lomwe likuyendetsa kusintha kwachangu pantchito zopanga. Mwa kuphatikiza mosasunthika kudula kolondola ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru zinthu, kapangidwe kake ndikukonzanso mwakachetechete mawonekedwe opanga fakitale ndikukankhira malire oyenera.
Kupambanaku kwagona pakuphatikiza kwake kosinthika kwa ntchito ziwiri zazikuluzikulu: "kudula bwino" ndi "kudyetsa mwanzeru." Yokhala ndi zida zodziwikiratu komanso zida zapamwamba zozindikira maso, zomwe zimapatsa makinawo "maso akuthwa" ndi "manja ochenjera" - imazindikira nthawi yomweyo ndikugwira bwino zinthu zopangira. Kenako, makina ake omangira olumikizirana ma multi-axis-kaya akugwiritsa ntchito ma lasers akuthwa, plasma yamphamvu, kapena masamba amakina olondola-amapanga mabala olondola a millimeter pazinthu zovuta malinga ndi mapulogalamu omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale. Mwachidziwitso, zida zodulidwazo zimangotengedwa zokha komanso mwaulemu ndi njira zophatikizira zolipirira mwachangu (monga mikono ya robotic, zotengera zolondola, kapena makina ochotsa vacuum) ndikutumizidwa kumalo ogwirira ntchito kapena mzere wolumikizira. Kudziyimira pawokha kotsekekaku -kuchokera "kuzindikirika mpaka kudula kupita kukusamutsa" -kumathetsa kugwirira ntchito kwamanja ndikudikirira pakati pa miyambo yakale, ndikupangitsa kuti masitepe azitha kugwira ntchito moyenera komanso mosalekeza.
Kuchita Mwachangu Kukukwera, Kukhathamiritsa Mtengo, Kusintha kwa Ntchito Zantchito
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kofala kwa zidazi kukusintha kwambiri zachilengedwe zopangira zachilengedwe. Pambuyo poyambitsa makinawo, fakitale yapakatikati yopangira zovala idawona kuchuluka kwa 50% pakudula ndi kusanja, kufupikitsa kwambiri kukwaniritsidwa kwa dongosolo. Cholimbikitsa kwambiri ndikusintha kochititsa chidwi kwa ogwira ntchito. Malo ogwirira ntchito ocheka ankakhala ndi phokoso logontha, fumbi lofalikira, komanso zoopsa za kuvulala kwa makina. Tsopano, makina odulira ndi odyetsera odzipangira okha nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito m'malo otsekedwa kapena otsekedwa, mothandizidwa ndi fumbi lamphamvu komanso makina oletsa phokoso, kupanga malo opanda phokoso, oyeretsa. Ogwira ntchito amamasulidwa ku ntchito yolemetsa, yowopsa yakugwira ntchito ndi manja ndi kudula, m'malo mwake amapita ku maudindo apamwamba monga kuyang'anira zida, kukhathamiritsa mapulogalamu, ndi kuyang'anitsitsa khalidwe labwino. "M'mbuyomu, ndimathetsa masinthidwe aliwonse okhala ndi fumbi, makutu akulira. Tsopano, chilengedwe ndi chatsopano, ndipo ndimatha kuyang'ana kwambiri kuwonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chikukwaniritsa zofunikira," adatero mkulu wina woyang'anira khalidwe.
Kupanga Zobiriwira, Ubwino Wachete pa Moyo Watsiku ndi Tsiku
Ubwino wa chilengedwe wa makina anzeru odulira ndi kudyetsa ndiwofunikanso. Ma algorithms awo olondola kwambiri amakulitsa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zinthu, kuchepetsa zinyalala mpaka pamlingo wotsika kwambiri. Pakupanga mipando yamatabwa yolimba kwambiri, kukhathamiritsa kumeneku kumatha kupulumutsa fakitale imodzi mtengo wokulirapo pachaka. Pakadali pano, njira zophatikizira zosonkhanitsira fumbi zogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri zimaposa magawo azikhalidwe odziyimira pawokha, ndikuchepetsa kwambiri mpweya wa tinthu tating'ono tomwe timapuma (PM2.5/PM10) m'madera ozungulira. Anthu okhala pafupi ndi madera odzaza ndi mafakitale opanga makina amaona kusiyana kwake: “Mpweya umakhala waukhondo kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa makinawa kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pagawo lililonse lazinthu zomwe zimatulutsidwa, zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale kusintha kwamphamvu kwamagetsi opanga mpweya.
Malinga ndi 2025 China Manufacturing Automation Upgrade Bluebook, ukadaulo wanzeru wodulira ndi kudyetsa umathandizira kukula kwake m'magawo okulirapo - monga kulongedza chakudya, kukonza zinthu zophatikizika, ndi zida zomangira makonda - pazaka zisanu zikubwerazi. Akatswiri amatsindika zakuya kwake kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu: kuthandizira kusintha kosasunthika kuchoka kuntchito yogwira ntchito mpaka kupanga zamakono zamakono. Kusinthaku kumapereka njira yothanirana ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito komanso kukulitsa mpikisano wamakampani.
Pamene mtolankhaniyo adachoka m'fakitale yowonetsera mipando m'bandakucha, makina atsopano odulira ndi kudyetsa anapitiliza kugwira ntchito yawo molimbika komanso mogwira mtima m'bandakucha. Kunja kwa fakitale, anthu anali atayamba ntchito yawo ya m’maŵa—osafunikiranso kutseka pakamwa ndi mphuno pamene anali kudutsa. Masamba enieni a makina anzeru amenewa amadula kwambiri kuposa zipangizo; akukonzanso malingaliro opangira zinthu m'mafakitale, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu mosayenera, ndipo pamapeto pake kubwezera "gawo lazopanga" lakuchita bwino kwambiri komanso mpweya wabwino ku chilengedwe chomwe tonse timagawana. Kusintha kumeneku koyendetsedwa ndi ukadaulo wodula ndi kudyetsa zakudya kukuwongolera mwakachetechete njira yomveka bwino yolumikizirana pakati pa kupita patsogolo kwa mafakitale ndi chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-05-2025