Makina Odzichotsera Madzi Okha Omwe Amafotokozeranso Ntchito Mwachangu ku Fakitale

Ndalama Zobisika Zochotsera Mphamvu Pamanja M'mafakitale Amakono

Kodi mukuona phindu lanu likuchepa m'chipinda chomalizira ntchito? Ndimalankhula ndi eni mafakitale tsiku lililonse omwe akukhumudwa ndi vuto lomweli: malo odulira zinthu. Ngakhale makina odulira zinthu akugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, malo ogwirira ntchito pambuyo pokonza zinthu nthawi zambiri amakhala akale. Kudalira zida zamanja kuti muyeretse zinthu za rabara sikungochedwetsa; koma kumatulutsa zinthu zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zobisika zomwe sizimawonekera nthawi zonse pa balance sheet yoyamba.

Tikayerekeza njira zochotsera deta pogwiritsa ntchito manja ndi njira zodzipangira zokha, ndalama ndi ntchito zomwe zimadza chifukwa chotsatira "njira yakale" zimakhala zosatsutsika. Apa ndi pomwe ndalama zikutuluka kwambiri:

• Zotsatira Zosagwirizana ndi Kuchuluka Kwambiri kwa Zinyalala: Anthu si maloboti. Pamapeto pa ntchito ya maola asanu ndi atatu, kutopa kwa ogwira ntchito kumayamba. Wogwira ntchito wotopa nthawi zambiri amatha kudula gawo mopitirira muyeso kapena kuphonya flash yonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziwonongeke komanso zinthu ziwonongeke.
• Kuopsa Kwambiri kwa Kuvulala: Kudula ndi manja ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kuvulala kuntchito. Tikuwona kuchuluka kwa carpal tunnel ndi kudula m'mphepete mwachangu. Kuchepetsa kuvulala mobwerezabwereza pomaliza sikungokhudza chitetezo chokha; komanso kupewa zopempha zolipira antchito zodula komanso nthawi yotayika.
• Kuchuluka kwa Ndalama Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito ndi Malipiro Okwera: Tiyeni tivomereze—kuchotsa ndalama mu ntchito yoyeretsa ndi ntchito “yonyansa, yosasangalatsa, komanso yoopsa”. Zikuvuta kupeza anthu ofunitsitsa kuchita izi, zomwe zikukweza malipiro a ntchito zopanda luso. Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogwiritsidwa ntchito kumatanthauza kuti nthawi zonse mumagwiritsa ntchito ndalama polemba anthu ntchito ndi kuphunzitsa.
• Mavuto Okhudza Kupanga: Mukakhala ndi antchito ochepa, zipangizo zimachulukana. Mayankho osowa kwa antchito m'mafakitale ndi ofunikira chifukwa kudula ndi manja sikungagwirizane ndi makina amakono ojambulira jakisoni mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yomaliza yotumizira isakwane.

Kodi "Kuchotsa Manja" Kumatanthauza Chiyani?

Ndikamalankhula za ntchito za "kuchotsa magetsi m'manja", sindikunena za wantchito amene akugwira chida chamagetsi m'malo mwa mpeni. Ndikunena za njira yochotsera magetsi popanda munthu aliyense pomwe zipangizozo zimagwira ntchito molondola. Mu dziko lamakono la kupanga zinthu ku US, kusiya kudula ndi manja sikungokhudza liwiro lokha; koma ndikutanthauza kusintha kusinthasintha kwa zinthu kudzera mu automation yopangidwa pambuyo poumba.

Makina: Machitidwe a Cryogenic ndi Vibratory

Njira yabwino kwambiri yomwe timaiona m'malo mwa mizere yamanja ndi makina ochotsera madzi a cryogenic. Lingaliroli ndi losavuta koma lamphamvu. Dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi kuti lizimitse zigawo za rabara zomwe zapangidwa, kuchepetsa kutentha kokwanira kuti kuwala kochepa kukhale kolimba pamene gawo lalikulu limakhala losinthasintha.

Kuwalako kukangophwanyika, ziwalozo zimagwedezeka ndi zinthu zosapsa—nthawi zambiri mikanda ya polycarbonate. Zinthuzi zimagwira ntchito ngati nyundo zing'onozing'ono zambirimbiri, zomwe zimachotsa kuwalako bwino popanda kuwononga pamwamba pake. Pazofunikira zosiyanasiyana, timagwiritsanso ntchito njira zomaliza ndi zogwedera za centrifugal, zomwe zimadalira kukangana ndi miyala yapadera kapena zinthu zadothi kuti zichotse ma burrs osafunikira.

Zokha Zokha: Lowetsani ndi Kupita

Kuchotsa rabara m'makina enieni kumapanga mzere wotsekedwa womwe umachepetsa kulowererapo kwa anthu. Machitidwe amakono nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito robotic kapena ma conveyor odziyimira pawokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito iyende bwino:

• Kuyika Zinthu Zambiri: Zigawo zimatayidwa mwachindunji kuchokera mu nkhungu kupita mu dengu la makina.
• Mayendedwe Okonzedwa: Makinawa amagwiritsa ntchito "njira" yeniyeni yodziwira kutentha, liwiro la gudumu, ndi nthawi ya kayendedwe kake.
• Kulekanitsa Kokha: Dongosololi limalekanitsa zokha zinthu zogwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi zinthu zomalizidwa.
• Zotulutsa Zoyera: Zigawo zokonzedwa bwino zimatulutsidwa, zokonzeka kutumizidwa kapena kukonzedwa.

Kusiyana ndi Njira Zachikhalidwe

Yerekezerani izi ndi njira ya "kale" pomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amakhala pa benchi yogwirira ntchito ndi zida zachikhalidwe zamanja kapena zodulira pang'ono. Njira imeneyi imadalira kwathunthu kukhazikika kwa dzanja la munthu, komwe mwachibadwa kumawonongeka pakatha maola asanu ndi atatu. Ndi kudula kwa flash popanda kugwiritsa ntchito manja, timachotsa kusinthasintha kwa ntchito zamanja. Sitikungopanga ntchito mwachangu; tikuonetsetsa kuti gawo la zikwi khumi likuwoneka ngati loyamba, kusintha chipinda chomaliza chosakhazikika kukhala chinthu chosavuta kupanga.

Ubwino Waukulu Kusintha Ntchito Za Fakitale

Tikaphatikiza kuyeretsa kwa rabara yodziyimira payokha m'mizere yathu, kukhudza komweko kumapitirira liwiro lokha. Kumasintha kwambiri momwe malo ogulitsira amagwirira ntchito. Sitikungogula makina okha; tikuthetsa vuto losatha lopeza antchito odalirika pantchito zomaliza mobwerezabwereza.

Kusamutsa Anthu Ogwira Ntchito ndi Kuchepetsa Kusowa Kwa Ntchito

Kupeza anthu ofuna kukhala pansi ndi kudula zida ndi manja kukuvuta chaka chilichonse. Mayankho okhudza kusowa kwa antchito m'mafakitale ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa tonsefe. Mwa kusintha njira yochotsera zida popanda munthu, timamasula antchito aluso ku ntchito "zonyansa komanso zosasangalatsa". M'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mpeni, akuyang'anira zida kapena kusamalira kutsimikizira khalidwe - ntchito zomwe zimawonjezera phindu lenileni ku bizinesi.

Kusasinthasintha Kwambiri ndi Ubwino

Manja a anthu amasiyana; makina sasiyana. Kuchotsa mpweya m'thupi nthawi zambiri kumakhala vuto loyamba la kutopa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Dongosolo lodziyimira lokha limachotsa kusinthaku konse. Kaya ndi gawo loyamba la kusintha kapena lomaliza, kuchotsa mpweya m'thupi nthawi zonse kumaonetsetsa kuti chilichonse chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zake. Kubwerezabwereza kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti makasitomala apitirize kudalirana ndi omwe sakufuna zolakwika zilizonse.

Chitetezo Chowonjezereka cha Malo Ogwirira Ntchito

Kuchepetsa kuvulala kobwerezabwereza pakumaliza ndi kupambana kwakukulu kwa kutsatira malamulo ndi mtima wabwino. Kudula ndi manja kumabweretsa kudulidwa kwa carpal tunnel ndi kudulidwa mwangozi. Mwa kusintha njira yodula ndi manja opanda flash, tachepetsa kwambiri zopempha za malipiro a antchito ndikusunga gulu lotetezeka.

Kugwira Ntchito Moyenera ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndalama Moyenera

Nthawi ndi ndalama. Makina ochotsera mpweya wambiri amachepetsa nthawi yozungulira poyerekeza ndi kukonza ndi manja. Kuthamanga kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti ndalama zogwirira ntchito zimasungidwa bwino pokonza zinthu komanso mtengo wotsika pa gawo lililonse, zomwe zimatipangitsa kukhala opikisana kwambiri pamsika wovuta.

Kuchuluka kwa Kupanga Kwamphamvu Kwambiri

Kwa makampani monga magalimoto ndi zamankhwala, kufunikira kwa makampani kungakwere mwachangu. Kupanga makina odziyimira pawokha pambuyo pa kupanga zinthu kumatithandiza kukulitsa kupanga popanda kulimbikira kulemba ntchito ndikuphunzitsa antchito akanthawi kochepa.

Kuyerekeza kwa Zotsatira za Ntchito:

Zotsatira Zenizeni: Kusintha kwa Fakitale Asanayambe ndi Pambuyo pake

Tikasintha malo kuchoka pa kukonza zinthu ndi manja kupita ku kuchotsa zinthu ndi rabara, kusintha kwa ntchito kumachitika nthawi yomweyo. Sikuti tikungosintha njira yokha, koma tikusintha momwe malo omalizira amagwirira ntchito. Kusintha kwakukulu kwambiri ndi kuchepetsa kwambiri maola ogwiritsira ntchito pamanja omwe amafunika kuti zipangizo zigwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe zimathandiza opanga aku US kuti apitirizebe kupikisana ngakhale kuti malipiro akukwera.

Umu ndi momwe kusinthaku kumaonekera pansi:

• Kuchepetsa Zofunikira pa Ntchito: Nthawi zambiri timaona kuchepa kwa maola ogwira ntchito ndi 70-80% pochotsa ntchito. Izi zimathetsa mavuto a kusowa kwa ntchito m'mafakitale mwa kumasula antchito. M'malo mongokhala ndi mpeni kwa maola asanu ndi atatu, ogwira ntchitowo amasamutsidwa kuti akagwire ntchito zofunika kwambiri monga kuyang'anira kukonza zinthu kapena kuwongolera khalidwe.
• ROI Yachangu: Masamu ndi osavuta. Pakati pa kusunga ndalama zogwirira ntchito pokonza zinthu, kuchepetsa ndalama zolipirira antchito, ndi kuchepetsa mitengo ya zinthu zosafunika, malo ambiri amalandira nthawi yonse yobwezera ya miyezi 12 mpaka 24 yokha.
• Kutumiza Kokhazikika: Kuchotsa ndalama zotayika pa zipangizo sikungokhudza ndalama zokha, koma kumadalira kudalirika. Makina odzipangira okha amachotsa zopinga zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kutopa kapena kusiyana kwa antchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo yotumizira zinthu izi ikwere bwino panthawi yake.

Mwa kukhazikitsa njira yotulutsira madzi ambiri m'thupi, opanga amasiya kuchitapo kanthu pa zoletsa za ogwira ntchito ndikuyamba kulamulira nthawi yawo yopangira.

Kuchotsa Madzi Pamanja vs Kudzipangira Okha: Kusanthula Mbali ndi Mbali

Tikayang'ana deta yodalirika yomwe ili m'sitolo, kusiyana pakati pa kudula manja kwachikhalidwe ndi njira yamakono yoduliramakina ochotsera mphirandi nkhani yoonekeratu. Sikuti ndi nkhani yongochita zinthu mwachangu kokha, koma ndi nkhani yodziwikiratu komanso kuteteza phindu lanu. Kusintha kukhala makina odzipangira okha a rabara kumasintha kwathunthu masamu a ndalama zomwe mumawononga popanga zinthu.

Liwiro, Kuchuluka kwa Ntchito, ndi Zofunikira pa Ntchito

Chomwe chimagwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Pokhazikitsa ndi manja, mphamvu yamagetsi imachepa chifukwa cha liwiro la munthu komanso kupirira kwake. Makina ochotsera mpweya opangidwa ndi cryogenic kapena makina safuna kupumula ndipo sachepetsa liwiro kumapeto kwa kusintha.

• Buku: Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu pa munthu aliyense; kumafuna magulu akuluakulu kuti azitha kuchotsa madzi ambiri m'makina.
• Yodzipangira yokha: Makina amodzi nthawi zambiri amatha kugwira ntchito ya antchito 4 mpaka 10, kupereka mayankho ofunikira a kusowa kwa antchito m'fakitale.
• Zotsatira zake: Mumasunga ndalama zambiri pantchito yomanga posintha antchito kukhala maudindo omwe amafunikira nzeru za anthu.

Kusasinthasintha Kwabwino ndi Zoopsa Zachitetezo

Kuyang'ana kwa anthu kumadalira maganizo awo. Wogwiritsa ntchito wina angadule kwambiri, pomwe wina amasiya kuwala kwambiri. Kuchotsa zinthu zosayenera m'malo mwa zida zamanja n'kosatheka chifukwa cha kutopa. Kuphatikiza apo, kudula ndi manja ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kuvulala kuntchito.

• Buku Lophunzitsira: Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa Deflashing Quality; chiopsezo chachikulu cha kudulidwa ndi Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
• Yodziyimira yokha: Kubwerezabwereza kolondola mkati mwa kulekerera kokhwima; kuchepetsa kwambiri kuvulala kobwerezabwereza pakumaliza.
• Zotsatira zake: Zigawo zochepa zokanidwa ndi kuchepetsa ngongole za inshuwaransi.

Ndalama Zogwirira Ntchito ndi Kuchepetsa Zinyalala

Ngakhale mtengo wa zida uli wokwera, phindu la kuwononga zida limaonekera bwino mukaganizira ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Ntchito zamanja zimaphatikizapo kukwera kwa malipiro, ndalama zophunzitsira, komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwa ndalama. Makina odziyimira pawokha amasinthanitsa ndalama zosinthikazo ndi ndalama zodziwika bwino zamagetsi ndi zosamalira.

• Buku Lophunzitsira: Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosafunika chifukwa cha zolakwa za anthu (kudula mopitirira muyeso); ndalama zobisika pakulemba anthu ntchito ndi kuphunzitsa.
• Yodzipangira yokha: Njira yochotsera zinyalala popanda munthu imachepetsa zinyalala; zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito (monga media kapena liquid nitrogen) zimawongoleredwa ndipo zimadziwikiratu.

Kuyerekeza Mwachidule:

Mwa kusintha kupita ku ntchito yodzipangira yokha pambuyo pa kupanga zinthu, timasiya kudalira mwayi ndipo timayamba kudalira uinjiniya. Ndiyo njira yokhayo yopititsira patsogolo mpikisano pamsika wa ku US komwe kuchita bwino ntchito kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri.

Kuthana ndi Mavuto Omwe Amakhalapo Pankhani Yogwiritsa Ntchito Makina Odzipangira

Kuthetsa Nthano: Kukweza Ntchito, Osati Kuzichotsa

Tiyeni tithane ndi mantha aakulu kwambiri: lingaliro lakuti maloboti ali pano kuti aba ndalama zolipirira. Malinga ndi zomwe ndakumana nazo, njira zopangira zinthu zokha sizikutanthauza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito; koma zimangokhudza kupulumuka ndi kukula. Kuchotsa zinthu m'manja ndi ntchito yomwe imabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu ndi kuvulala. Tikayika cryogenic.makina ochotsera zinyalala, sitikuchotsa wantchito; tikuchotsa ntchito yovuta. Timakweza maudindo amenewo, kulola antchito kuyang'anira makina angapo kapena kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwunika komaliza kwa khalidwe. Izi zimapangitsa ntchito yobwerezabwereza, yopanda luso lokwanira kukhala njira yaukadaulo, kuthetsa mavuto a kusowa kwa antchito m'mafakitale mwa kupangitsa ntchito kukhala zokopa kwambiri.

Kukonzanso ndi Kuphatikiza Kopanda Msoko

Kubweretsa makina odziyimira okha pambuyo pa kupanga zinthu sikutanthauza kuwononga fakitale yanu. Zipangizo zamakono zimapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mizere yomwe ilipo popanda kusokoneza kwambiri.

• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mosavuta: Ogwira ntchito amatha kuphunzitsidwa mwachangu kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino ntchito yochotsa magetsi popanda munthu, kusintha kuchoka pa ntchito yamanja kupita ku kuyang'anira makina.
• Kukula kwa Luso: Ogwira ntchito amapeza luso lamtengo wapatali laukadaulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale ndi zinthu zambiri komanso zogwira mtima pakampani.
• Kupitiriza kwa Ntchito: Machitidwewa amathandizira njira zamakono zopangira zinthu zomwe zili pamwamba ndi pansi popanda kupanga zopinga.

Mpikisano mu Nthawi Yokonzanso

Pamene makampani ambiri akuyang'ana kubwezeretsa kupanga ku United States, kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito popanga umba kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri. Sitingathe kupikisana ndi mitengo ya antchito apamanja ochokera kumayiko ena pogwiritsa ntchito mipeni ndi zodulira. Timapikisana mwa kukhala achangu komanso okhazikika. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochotsera zinyalala zambiri kumaonetsetsa kuti mafakitale am'nyumba akupitilizabe kupindula. Kumateteza malo athu pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, kutsimikizira kuti kupanga zinthu ku America kungakhale kwabwino komanso kotsika mtengo.

Kusankha Njira Yoyenera Yochotsera Madzi Oipa Yokha

Kuyika ndalama mu makina ochotsera rabara si chinthu chimodzi chokha. Ndikayang'ana makina awa kuti ndipeze malo, ndimayang'ana kwambiri ziwerengero ndi sayansi ya zinthu. Muyenera kufananiza makinawo ndi zinthu zanu zinazake zopangira rabara. Makina oyenera Viton yolimba akhoza kuwononga silicone yofewa, kotero kumvetsetsa kuyanjana kwa zinthu ndi gawo loyamba.

Nayi mndandanda womwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito pofufuza makina ochotsera madzi owonongeka okha:

• Nthawi Yogwiritsira Ntchito Zinthu ndi Kuzungulira: Onetsetsani kuti makinawo akugwira ntchito ndi durometer yanu popanda kuwononga malo a gawolo. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito makina ochotsera mpweya ambiri, nthawi yozungulira iyenera kupambana mphamvu yanu yamagetsi yomwe ilipo kuti mutsimikizire kuti CapEx ndi yoyenera.
• Chizindikiro ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Malo ogona pansi ndi malo abwino kwambiri m'mafakitale aku US. Ndimayang'ana mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono omwe sadzaza malo opangira zinthu. Mawonekedwe ake ayenera kukhala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito; ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kukhala okhoza kukonza maphikidwe opanda digiri ya uinjiniya.
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zopangira Zinthu ndi Kukonza Zinthu Moyenera: Pa makina ochotsera zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito madzi a cryogenic, kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi ndi ndalama zambiri zogwirira ntchito. Ndimaika patsogolo mitundu yokhala ndi insulation yabwino komanso yobwezeretsanso zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito polycarbonate media kuti ndalama zomwe zimabwerezedwanso zichepetse.

Pomaliza, musanyalanyaze luso la wopanga kusintha makina. Magawo omwe alipo kale ndi abwino, koma nthawi zina mumafunika njira yopangidwira kuti mutsimikizire kuti makinawo ndi abwino. Thandizo lodalirika pambuyo pogulitsa silingathe kukambidwanso—makina akagwa, mumafunika mnzanu amene angakubwezereni pa intaneti nthawi yomweyo, osati sabata yamawa.

Mafunso Omwe Amafunsidwa Kawirikawiri Okhudza Kuchotsa Madzi Ochokera M'thupi Mwawo

Kusintha kuchoka pa ntchito yamanja kupita ku makina ochotsera mphira wodzipangira okha kumabweretsa mafunso ambiri. Timamva mafunsowa tsiku lililonse kuchokera kwa eni mafakitale omwe akufuna kukonza bwino magawo awo omalizira ntchito. Nayi nkhani yolunjika pa zomwe muyenera kudziwa.

Kodi makina ochotsera zinyalala okha ndi omwe amawononga ndalama zingati?

Palibe mtengo umodzi wokha wa sticker chifukwa zimadalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ntchito yanu komanso ukadaulo womwe mukufuna. Chipangizo chaching'ono chidzakhala chotsika mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi makina ochotsera madzi a cryogenic omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri omwe adapangidwa kuti azitha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza. Muyenera kuyang'ana phukusi lonse: kukula kwa makina, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa nayitrogeni, ndi mawonekedwe a automation. Timaona izi ngati ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa zomwe zimalipira ndalama zobwerezabwereza za ogwira ntchito.

Kodi makina odzipangira okha amatha kugwira ntchito ndi zida zofewa za rabara?

Inde. Izi ndi zolakwika zodziwika bwino. Makina amakono amapereka njira yodziwira bwino zinthu za rabara, kuphatikizapo zomangira zovuta, mphete za O, ndi zida zamankhwala. Mwa kusintha liwiro la kuzungulira kwa basket, kukula kwa media, ndi kutentha, titha kuchotsa flash popanda kukhudza mawonekedwe kapena mawonekedwe a pamwamba pa gawolo. Ndikotetezeka kwambiri pazinthu zofewa kuposa kudula ndi manja, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma gouges mwangozi.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa cryogenic deflashing ndi mechanical deflashing ndi kotani?

Zimatengera kutentha ndi nthawi.

• Kuchotsa Mpweya M'makina: Kumadalira kukanda ndi kukanda kwa zinthu zomwe zili mu chidebe. Kumatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo sikuthandiza nthawi zonse pa rabara yofewa komanso yosalala.
• Kuchotsa zinyalala mu Cryogenic: Kumagwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi kuti izizirane ndi flash (m'mphepete mwa zinyalala zoonda) mpaka itayamba kuuma. Kenako pulasitiki imaphwanyidwa pazigawozo kuti ichotse bwino flash. Ndi yachangu kwambiri ndipo imapereka kuchotsera zinyalala bwino kwambiri popanga rabara.

Kodi ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito ya makina ochotsera zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Ndalama zomwe zimafunika pochotsa zinyalala m'makina ndi zochepa modabwitsa, nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa miyezi 12 ndi 18. Mukawerengera ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa pantchito yokonza zinthu—kuchotsa kufunika kosinthana kambiri kwa makina odulira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito manja—kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa mitengo ya zinyalala, makinawo amalipira okha mwachangu kwambiri. Nthawi yobwezera ikafika, ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa nthawi zonse zimapita mwachindunji ku phindu lanu.